Kiln.



G. HOOK.

KILN.

APPLIIIATION FILED 0012.6, 1909..

Patentedv Apr; 25, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

is: Numus ness c G.HOOK.

KILN.

l APPLICATION FILED 00T. 6, 1909. 990,558 Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Arranmfy nu: Nomus PETERS ca., wAsHmcraN, D. c.

ATN

GURNEALUS HOOK, 0F VIGO, OHIO.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

Application led October 6, 1909. Serial No. 521,229.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it kno-Wn that I, CURNEALUS Hoon, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vigo, in the county of Ross, State of Ghio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns, of Which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in kilns, and consists in certain novel constructions and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings forming a part hereof: Figure l is a plan view of the underfloor construction ready for the floor; Fig. 2 is a front vieiv of a portion of the inner Wall; Fig. 3 is a modified form of underioor construction, andFig. l is a vert-ical section of the kiln.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. l a circular kiln Wall A is provided, Which has at suitable intervals arches B, Which put the interior of the kiln in communication with the' stacks C. In t-he present instance the arches are four in number and are arranged at angles of 90 with respect to the kiln Wall.

Directly in front of each arch is laid a plurality7 of arc-shaped walls D, there being four series of said Walls, one series for each arch, and the members of each series are parallel and spaced radially from each other as shown.

The adjacent ends of the series of arcshaped Walls are spaced apart from each other as shown, and between the said ends is laid a plurality of straight parallel Walls E El, the Walls of the series E being parallel With each other and at right angles to the Walls of the series E1, Which are also parallel to each other.

The ends of the corresponding members of the series E are connected to the ends of the corresponding members of the series El, as shown in Fig. l, and all of the inner Walls D E and El are preferably built, as shown in Fig. Q, in lattice-Work, so that a space G is left between the ends of all of the bricks of each course H, except the top course I, wherein the bricks are laid With their ends abutting.

The outer Wall A is, of course, solid, and the ooring for supporting the Ware to be baked is laid on the Walls D E and El, the bricks J being laid across the spaces K between the Walls, and the Walls are built close enough for this nirpose.

It Will be understood that the openings are provided in the floor to permit the passage of the heat and products of combustion from the furnaces down through the Ware supported by the floor, and through the spaces between the Walls D E and El to the stacks. The above mentioned openings are provided for by spacing the ioor bricks apart laterally.

Preferably eight furnaces or fire boxes L,

vwhich may be of any desired construction,

are arranged at suitable intervals around the kiln, the said furnaces opening into inside pockets L in the kiln in the usual manner.

It Will be understood that the number of the Walls D E and E1 Will vary in accordance with the size of the kiln, and also in accordance With the conditions under which it is to be used. The arrangement may also be varied for the same reasons.

It will be observed that each arch is shielded or screened from the direct draft by the arrangement of the arc-shaped Walls and that the heated air is finely subdivided by the lattice-Work arrangement and by the arrangement of the Walls.

In a square kiln, as shown in Fig. 3, the stacks M are arranged at the corners of the kiln Wall N, and the shield or battle arrangement of the Walls is attained by a plurality of series of right angled Walls O and O. In this arrangement the individual Walls are parallel with the sides of the kiln, and the ends of the members of the series O are connected With the ends of the corresponding members of the series O.

lt will be obvious thatfmany other arrangements might be made use of Without departing from the spirit of the invention, as, for instance, in a round kiln either the straight Walls or the arc-shaped Walls might be entirely dispensed With.

The heated air and products of combustion, as shown in Fig. et pass from the furnaces L, to the fire pockets L, and into the upper part of the` kiln. This circulation is indicated by the arrows the said products passing down through the Ware indicated by P, through the floor J, and out at the stack C.

Nith the improved construction no great amount of excavating is required, it being only necessary to place the bottom ofthe Walls below freezing. There is also a great saving in brick by using the lattice-Work arrangement, and since the construction is simple it requires no special skill for the Work, thus considerably cheapening the first cost of the kiln.

A feature of demerit in down draft kilns is the tendency of the heat to pass from the fire pockets, up the side of the kiln to the center of the crown, and thence downward through the floor at the center of the kiln, and as a consequence the centerl is burned too much and the sides not enough. This tendency is obviated by the improved construction, the heat being evenly distributed throughout the area of the kiln, burning every part equally Well. The tendency of the heat to concentrate around the stack is also prevented by the peculiar arrangement of the Walls, the direct draft adjacent to the stack opening being shielded, so that the heated air is divided and filtered, as it Were.

yThe improved construction evenly distributes the heat throughout the kiln, and as a consequence fuel is saved, the emission of smoke is greatly lessened, and very wet Ware may be burned With facility. fare as Wet as can be handled may be successfully burned. The saving in the time of burning is also considerable, and a kiln may be Watersmoked, burned and cooled in a minimum of time Without Whiteivashing, spalling, scaling, overburning on top, or cracking, and the Ware Will be uniformly burned in every part. In addition, the peculiar arrangementprevents drifting when a strong Wind is blowing against the fire boxes on one side of the kiln.

I claim:

l. A kiln of the character specified, comprising al solid circular outer Wall provided at spaced intervals with arches, and With stacks at the arches, of a series of arcshaped inner Walls arranged in front of each arch, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart radially and extending on each side of the kiln at equal distances, the adjacent ends of the series being spaced apart from each other, and a series of straight Walls arranged between the ends of the series, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart from each other, the ends of the members of one series being connected with the ends of the corresponding members of the adjacent series upon each side, said arc-shaped Walls and straight Walls being formed of courses, the bricks of the top course being laid with their ends abutting and the bricks of the lower courses being laid with their ends spaced apart for the purpose specified, and a fioor of brick on the said inner Walls, said brick being laid end to end and spaced laterally. i

2. A kiln of the character specified, comprising a solid circular outer Wall provided at spaced intervals with arches, and .With stacks at the arches, of a series of arcshaped inner Walls arranged in front of each arch, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart radially and extending on each side of the kiln at equal distances, the adjacent ends of the series being spaced apart from each other, and a series of straight Walls arranged between the ends of the series, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart from each other, the ends of the members of one series being connected With the ends of the corresponding members of the adjacent series upon each side, and a floor of brick on the said inner Walls, said brick being laid end to end and spaced laterally.

3. A kiln of the character specified, comprising a solid circular outer Wall provided at spaced intervals with arches, and with stacks at the arches, of a series of arc-shaped inner Walls arranged in front of each arch, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart radially and extending on each side of the kiln at equal distances, the adjacent ends of the series being spaced apart from each other, and a series of straight Walls arranged between the ends of the series, said Walls being parallel and spaced apart from each other, the ends of the members of one series being connected with the ends of the corresponding members of the adjacent series upon each side.

4. A kiln having a solid outer Wall, and a plurality of stacks at spaced intervals, said Wall having openings leading from the interior to the stacks, and a plurality of series of inner walls in front of each opening and extending upon each side thereof, the Walls of each series being arranged in spaced and parallel relation With respect to each other, all of said inner Walls being formed of superimposed courses of bricks, the bricks of the upper course being laid with their ends abutting, and the bricks of the lower courses with their ends spaced apart, and

a flooring of bricks supported by the Walls the bricks of the ioor being spaced laterally.

5. A kiln having a solid outer Wall, and a plurality of stacks at spaced intervals, said Wall having openings leading from the interior to the stacks, and a plurality of series of inner Walls in front of each opening and l the Walls composed of bricks spaced apart extending upon each side thereof, the Walls laterally.

of each series beinO arranofed in spaced and parallel relation Wait-h respnect to each other, GURNEALUS HOOK' all of said inner Walls being formed of Witnesses:

superimposed courses of bricks laid with JOHN A. ERVIN, their ends spaced apart, and a flooring on l TRUMAN JENKs.

Copies of this patent may 'ne obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents, Washington, D. C. 

